Oliver Wakeford

Academic

Understanding AI.

I'm Oliver, a British master's student in AI at Université Paris-Saclay. I did a year of Business Science in Cape Town, then computer science in Prague, which happened almost by chance just before ChatGPT came out, and I ended up properly hooked. Most of what I've built since is retrieval and evaluation. With a team of four I worked on predicting which papers a research paper cites, out of 20,000, and a retrieval system I built is used every day by a marketing consultancy's content team. I learned the most from checking that system's automatic quality score against blind human ratings, because the score didn't track them.

MSc AI, Paris-Saclay (LISN)
M2 year. M1 at 15.097/20
BSc, Charles University
Final exam graded 1 (Excellent) overall
Retrieval system, marketing consultancy
In daily use by the content team since July 2026

Research

A mix of group and solo work, all of it machine learning of one kind or another, and most of it more fun than it sounds. The code for the public ones is on GitHub. Each project page carries the longer version, including what the work doesn't show.

Information Retrieval2026 · Shipped

Scientific Citation Retrieval

Find the papers a research paper cites, out of a corpus of 20,000. Our team of four fused eight retrievers, and about half of what we gained came from noticing that 97.6% of citations stay inside one field.

Applied research2026 · Shipped

Does Retrieval Make Generated Copy Sound Like the Client?

I built the retrieval system a marketing consultancy's content team uses every day to draft posts in each client's voice. My M1 internship was the study behind it. Retrieval raised an automatic voice score in testing, but when I checked that score against blind human ratings it didn't track them, so it can't be trusted on its own. I also found my own scoring was matching posts against themselves, and corrected it in the report.

The corpus is eight clients' published material and the repository is private. The method and the numbers are described here, but the data can't be shared.

Deep Learning2026 · Shipped

VAE and DRAW, Compared

We built a VAE and DRAW from scratch to see what DRAW's steps and attention each add. DRAW builds a digit up over ten steps, and can learn to move a small attention window around as it goes. A group project of three, in PyTorch.

Fairness2026 · Shipped

Political Bias in Open-Source Language Models

Two open models were asked whether the same sentence was positive or negative, with only the politician's name swapped. The verdict changed depending on whose name it was. Asking the model politely to be fair made it worse.

Not published. The notebook needs its credentials stripped first, and the work belongs to a team of four, so releasing it is not a decision I can take on my own. Happy to walk through the method and the numbers.

Generative ML2026 · Archived

Synthetic Clinical Data with Mixtures of Experts

Real patient data is scarce and nearly impossible to share, so the question is whether you can generate fake patients believable enough to train on. A research project of about fifteen students. I built the evaluation framework, which was merged as the project's first pull request.

The repository belongs to the supervising professor, not to me, so I can't republish it.

Interactive ML2026 · Shipped

Teaching a Model Your Own Exercise Form

A web app you teach your own exercises to, by doing them in front of a webcam, and then work out against. Most of the effort went into making the teaching part feel obvious, because nobody outside machine learning has much idea what a model needs to learn from. It all runs in the browser, so no video leaves your machine. Whether the guided version actually produces better classifiers than an unguided one is a study I proposed and never ran.

Procedural generation2025 · Shipped

Terrain Generation in a Terminal

Procedural terrain drawn straight into the console, as ASCII shading or coloured Unicode blocks. Three algorithms: random noise, Perlin noise, and the diamond-square fractal method. I built it about six weeks before starting the thesis, with no graphics engine, just to see whether the landscapes came out looking like landscapes.

Publications & reports

2026

Constraint-Aware Terrain Completion from Sparse Fixed Regions for Game Heightmaps

Petr Šimůnek, Oliver Wakeford

IEEE Conference on Games 2026 (CoG), Madrid

Full paper, IEEE CoG 2026 (oral). Grew out of my BSc thesis, defended 2025. It keeps the designer's fixed heights exactly: mean-height bias about 81% lower than the blurred production baseline (0.01346 against 0.07112), at comparable runtime, and 2.1× to 23.9× faster than the harmonic baseline.

Second author. The work started as my BSc thesis, and my supervisor extended the method, ran the experiments and led the writing.

Inverse distance weighting scores 0.01351 on the same metric, a margin of about 0.4%. And total variation is worse, 933.5, against 480.9 for the harmonic baseline, so the surface is rougher.

2026

Does retrieval make generated copy sound like the client?

Oliver Wakeford

Master's internship report, ACL format

Submitted August 2026. Not peer-reviewed, and not published

An internship deliverable assessed by the university, not a publication. The corpus belongs to a client and can't be shared.

Education

01

MSc Artificial Intelligence

Université Paris-Saclay, LISN · Paris, France

M1 finished in June 2026 with an overall mark of 15.097/20. I'm in the M2 year now: retrieval, evaluation, NLP, neuro-symbolic methods and generative models, then the internship, which is the whole second semester.

Programme syllabus

Sept 2025 to Aug 2027

02

BSc Computer Science with specialisation in Artificial Intelligence

Charles University, Prague · Prague, Czechia

Final exam graded 1 (Excellent) overall. Where I learned to code, and where I got into machine learning. Algorithms, software engineering and lots and lots of maths, with the artificial intelligence specialisation on top. My thesis, a terrain generator built for the game Engine Evolution (1.5M+ downloads), was graded 1 and extended into the IEEE paper below.

Programme, Charles University

Sept 2022 to Sept 2025

03

Business Science

University of Cape Town · Cape Town, South Africa

A year of business science: economics, accounting and statistics.

2021

What I studied

Newest first: the M2 year I'm in now, then the M1 year behind it, then the BSc at Charles University. The M2 list is what the timetable says, so most of it is still ahead of me, labelled by teaching period.

Paris-Saclay · M2, in progress

Sept to Oct 2026 · now

  • Data Readiness and Evaluation in AI Systems
  • NLP Today

Nov to Dec 2026

  • From Symbolic to Neuro-Symbolic AI
  • Deep Learning for NLP
  • Information Retrieval
  • Reinforcement Learning

Jan to Feb 2027

  • Probabilistic Generative Models
  • Advanced Optimisation and AutoML
  • Scientific Machine Learning

Nine courses of three credits each, plus one soft skill, and then the internship.

Paris-Saclay · M1, complete

Machine learning

  • Foundational Principles of Machine Learning
  • Machine Learning Algorithms
  • Hands-on Machine Learning
  • Deep Learning
  • Optimisation

Language and information

  • Hands-on NLP
  • Information Retrieval
  • Information Theory

Maths and statistics

  • Applied Statistics
  • Mathematics for Data Science

Systems and interaction

  • Relational Databases
  • Fundamentals of HCI
  • Interactive Machine Learning

Context and consequences

  • Fairness in AI
  • History of AI
  • Computing and Sustainable Development

Assessed as work

Charles University · BSc · Show all 43 modules

Year 1 · 2022/23

Mathematical Skills, Discrete Mathematics, Introduction to Algorithms, Introduction to Networking, Programming 1, Principles of Computers, Czech for Beginners I, Linear Algebra 1, Mathematical Analysis 1, Algorithms and Data Structures 1, Introduction to Linux, Linear Algebra 2, Programming 2, Extension Seminar: Algorithms and Data Structures 1, Computer Systems

Year 2 · 2023/24

Elements of AI+, Combinatorics and Graph Theory 1, Programming in Java, Algorithms and Data Structures 2, Mathematical Analysis 2, Database Systems, Propositional and Predicate Logic, Extension Seminar: Algorithms and Data Structures 2, Automata and Grammars, Probability and Statistics 1, Introduction to Artificial Intelligence, Non-procedural Programming, Ethics of AI+, Individual Software Project

Year 3 · 2024/25

Introduction to Language Technologies, Chapters from Virtual Reality, Introduction to Machine Learning with Python, Machine Learning in Computer Vision, Evolutionary Algorithms 1, Introduction to Computer Linguistics, Programming in C#, Programming and Data Processing in Python, Bachelor Thesis (Consultations), Diploma Seminar for Computer Game Development, Nature Inspired Algorithms, Natural Language Processing, Advanced Java Programming, Introduction to Computer Game Development

Where to look

The thesis is in Charles University's repository, and the code for five of the eight projects above is on GitHub. If a figure here matters to something you're deciding, ask me and I'll send you the source.